Le presentamos resumen de:
The Lancet Oncology Published Online: 27 October 2015
Nedaplatin plus docetaxel versus cisplatin plus docetaxel for advanced or relapsed squamous cell carcinoma of the lung (WJOG5208L): a randomised, open-label, phase 3 trial
Takehito Shukuya, MD,Prof Takeharu Yamanaka, PhD,Takashi Seto, MD, Haruko Daga, MD,Koichi Goto, MD, Hideo Saka, MD, Dr Prof Nobuyuki Yamamoto, MD nbyamamo@wakayama-med.ac.jp
Summary
Background
The combination of nedaplatin, a cisplatin derivative, and docetaxel showed promising activity for advanced squamous cell lung carcinoma in a previous phase 1–2 study. We compared nedaplatin plus docetaxel with cisplatin plus docetaxel in patients with previously untreated advanced or relapsed squamous cell lung carcinoma to determine effects on overall survival.
Methods
We did a randomised, open-label, phase 3 study at 53 institutions in Japan. Eligibility criteria included pathologically proven squamous cell lung cancer with stage IIIB/IV or postoperative recurrence, age 20–74 years, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status of 0–1, no previous chemotherapy or recurrence more than a year after previous adjuvant chemotherapy, and adequate organ function. Patients were randomly assigned (1:1) to 100 mg/m2 nedaplatin and 60 mg/m2 docetaxel intravenously, or 80 mg/m2 cisplatin and 60 mg/m2 docetaxel, every 3 weeks for four to six cycles (at the treating oncologist’s discretion). Randomisation was done centrally at the West Japan Oncology Group data centre via a computer-generated allocation sequence with dynamic minimisation that balanced stage (IIIB/IV or postoperative recurrent), sex, and institution. The primary endpoint was overall survival in the modified intention-to-treat population (ie, all patients who were randomly assigned and met the inclusion criteria). Safety analyses were done in all randomly assigned patients who received at least one dose of the study regimen. This trial is registered with the UMIN Clinical Trials Registry, number UMIN000002015, and is closed to new participants. Read more on Nedaplatin plus docetaxel versus cisplatin plus docetaxel for advanced or relapsed squamous cell carcinoma of the lung (WJOG5208L): a randomised, open-label, phase 3 trial…

Un nuevo estudio parece indicar una nueva forma potencial de bloquear uno de los oncogenes más frecuentes, sin ocasionar efectos secundarios graves.
El gen Notch desempeña un papel en muchos tipos de cáncer. Es el oncogén más frecuente en la leucemia linfoblástica aguda de linfocito T. Alrededor de 60% de los niños y adultos con leucemia de linfocito T son portadores de una mutación del gen Notch.
Sin embargo, los fármacos destinados a bloquear este gen han ocasionado efectos secundarios graves como diarrea intensa o tumores malignos de la piel.
Ahora un equipo del Centro de Cáncer Integral de la Universidad de Michigan ofrece una nueva diana potencial para bloquear Notch sin los efectos tóxicos.
Los investigadores descubrieron que una proteína llamada Zmiz1 se une a Notch, desencadenando la activación del gen en su función cancerígena. Sin embargo, Zmiz1 no repercute en las funciones saludables normales de Notch.
«Notch controla los genes que producen cáncer, pero también es importante para la salud. La dificultad radica en suprimir la función cancerígena de Notch pero conservar su función normal», dice Dr. Mark Chiang, PhD, profesor asistente de medicina interna en la Escuela Médica de la Universidad de Michigan. Read more on Un nuevo hallazgo ofrece claves para el bloqueo de un gen oncógeno…

BMC Cancer 2015,  15:911 ( Noviembre 17)
Low-dose aspirin and survival from lung cancer: a population-based cohort study.

Úna C. Mc Menamin1*, Chris R. Cardwell1, Carmel M. Hughes2 and Liam M. Murray13 * Corresponding author: Úna C Mc Menamin u.mcmenamin@qub.ac.uk doi:10.1186/s12885-015-1910-9
Abstract
Preclinical evidence suggests that aspirin may inhibit lung cancer progression. In a large cohort of lung cancer patients, we investigated whether low-dose aspirin use was associated with a reduction in the risk of lung cancer-specific mortality.
We identified lung cancer patients from English cancer registries diagnosed between 1998 to 2009 from the National Cancer Data Repository. Medication usage was obtained from linkages to the UK Clinical Practice Research Datalink and lung cancer-specific deaths were identified from Office of National Statistics mortality data. Hazard ratios (HR) and 95 % confidence intervals (CI) for the association between low-dose aspirin use (before and after diagnosis) and risk of lung cancer-specific mortality were calculated using Cox regression models.
A total of 14,735 lung cancer patients were identified during the study period. In analysis of 3,635 lung cancer patients, there was no suggestion of an association between low-dose aspirin use after diagnosis and cancer-specific mortality (adjusted HR = 0.96, 95 % CI: 0.85, 1.09). Similarly, no association was evident for low-dose aspirin use before diagnosis and cancer-specific mortality (adjusted HR = 1.00, 95 % CI: 0.95, 1.05). Associations were comparable by duration of use and for all-cause mortality.
Conclusion
Overall, we found little evidence of a protective association between low-dose aspirin use and cancer-specific mortality in a large population-based lung cancer cohort