Neurogenética

Transcriptómica revela claves en enfermedad de Alzheimer

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Dos grupos distintos de neuronas inhibitorias son más abundantes en individuos que conservan una óptima función cognitiva a edad avanzada, mientras que su relación con la resiliencia a la enfermedad de Alzheimer, es reportada en Mathys H, Peng Z, Boix CA, Victor MB, Leary N, Babu S, et al. Single-cell atlas reveals correlates of high cognitive function, dementia, and resilience to Alzheimer’s disease pathology. Cell, 2023;186(20):4365-4385.e27.

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Más de la secuenciación en pesquisa neonatal y diagnóstico clínico

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– Application of a next-generation sequencing (NGS) panel in newborn screening efficiently identifies inborn disorders of neonates
– Diagnostic yield of next-generation sequencing in 87 families with neurodevelopmental disorders
– Whole genome sequencing for the diagnosis of neurological repeat expansion disorders in the UK: a retrospective diagnostic accuracy and prospective clinical validation study

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Utilidad diagnóstica de la secuenciación del exoma

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Los trastornos del neurodesarrollo, incluidos los cuadros convulsivos, fueron los más beneficiados con un diagnóstico en el estudio de 700 niños por medio de la secuenciación clínica del exoma. Otros hallazgos y consideraciones aparecen en Murrell JR, Nesbitt AMI, Baker SW, Pechter KB, Balciuniene J, Zhao X, et al. Molecular diagnostic outcomes from 700 cases: What can we learn from a retrospective analysis of clinical exome sequencing? The Journal of Molecular Diagnostics, 2022; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmoldx.2021.12.002.

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Primeros resultados del Proyecto Cien Mil Genomas en enfermedades raras

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La discapacidad intelectual, los trastornos de audición y las enfermedades visuales fueron los más beneficiados con diagnósticos, entre más de 2000 familias estudiadas por el Proyecto Cien Mil Genomas, cuyo reporte preliminar aparece en The 100,000 Genomes Project Pilot Investigators. 100,000 Genomes Pilot on Rare-Disease Diagnosis in Health Care — Preliminary Report. N Engl J Med 2021;385:1868-1880.

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Polimorfismos, variantes y mutaciones: depresión, alcoholismo, discapacidad intelectual, muerte súbita, menopausia

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– Association study of six candidate genes with major depressive disorder in the North-Western population of Pakistan
– Multi-omics integration analysis identifies novel genes for alcoholism with potential overlap with neurodegenerative diseases
– Biallelic loss-of-function variants in WDR11 are associated with microcephaly and intellectual disability
– PPA2-associated sudden cardiac death: extending the clinical and allelic spectrum in 20 new families
– Genomic analysis identifies variants that can predict the timing of menopause

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Polimorfismos, variantes, mutaciones: migraña, cardiomiopatía, epilepsia

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– New and sex-specific migraine susceptibility loci identified from a multiethnic genome-wide meta-analysis
– International Evidence Based Reappraisal of Genes Associated With Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy Using the Clinical Genome Resource Framework
– CNKSR2-related neurodevelopmental and epilepsy disorder: a cohort of 13 new families and literature review indicating a predominance of loss of function pathogenic variants

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Polimorfismos, variantes, mutaciones: enfermedades neurodegenerativas

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– Genetic subtypes, allelic effects, and convergent neurodevelopmental mechanisms
– Emerging genetic complexity and rare genetic variants in neurodegenerative brain diseases
– Truncating SRCAP variants outside the Floating-Harbor syndrome locus cause a distinct neurodevelopmental disorder with a specific DNA methylation signature
– Bi-allelic loss-of-function variants in BCAS3 cause a syndromic neurodevelopmental disorder
– Impaired glucose-1,6-biphosphate production due to bi-allelic PGM2L1 mutations is associated with a neurodevelopmental disorder

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Genómica da paso a psiquiatría de precisión

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2020 05 12 Precision_PsychLos avances en genómica psiquiátrica pueden conducir a una mejor comprensión de los mecanismos patogénicos, el desarrollo de nuevos tratamientos, y su ajuste a las características de cada paciente. Ese nuevo modelo de psiquiatría de precisión, es abordado en Rees E, Owen MJ. Translating insights from neuropsychiatric genetics and genomics for precision psychiatry. Genome Medicine 2020;12:43.

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Nuevas asociaciones, mutaciones, polimorfismos: insuficiencia cardiaca, autismo, alcoholismo, …

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– Genome-wide association and Mendelian randomisation analysis provide insights into the pathogenesis of heart failure
– The Medical Genome Reference Bank contains whole genome and phenotype data of 2570 healthy elderly
– Association of Genetic Risks With Autism Spectrum Disorder and Early Neurodevelopmental Delays Among Children Without Intellectual Disability
– Copy Number Variation and Clinical Outcomes in Patients With Germline PTEN Mutations
– Functional validity, role, and implications of heavy alcohol consumption genetic loci

– Insights into the aetiology of snoring from observational and genetic investigations in the UK Biobank

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Nuevas variantes y asociaciones de riesgo

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2019 07 03 CTCF– Risk of spontaneous preterm birth and fetal growth associates with fetal SLIT2.
– Bioinformatics-Based Identification of Expanded Repeats: A Non-reference Intronic Pentamer Expansion in RFC1 Causes CANVAS.
– CTCF variants in 39 individuals with a variable neurodevelopmental disorder broaden the mutational and clinical spectrum.
– Pathologic gene network rewiring implicates PPP1R3A as a central regulator in pressure overload heart failure.

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